What you are confusing is the change in FOV between the 6by7 medium format camera and full frame camera for the same focal length. Hans Rosemond has been known to fall down a lot on set. The goal, however, is to provide a reasonably accurate and consistent measurement in order to identify “equivalent focal lengths” to your full frame lenses that you know by heart. We used to produce pre-pro for high end clients and Disney print reps will/would actually bring micrometers to measure line and dot repro. Not even close. However, "Full Frame Plus" just doesn't have that same ring to it, does it? Thus one must change the exposure index. Each pixel on the larger sensor is twice the width and height of the smaller sensor and, therefore, has four times the area and collects four times the amount of light. The number of different tonal increments that can be distinguished depends on the magnitude of that noise so if we decrease the noise by a factor of 2, the number of tonal increments that can be resolved goes up by a factor of 2. All that happens as a result of a smaller image format / sensor is cropping, as illustrated in the below image: 35mm / Full-Frame vs APS-C vs Micro Four Thirds vs 1″ / CX Of course, the actual frame size is much large than those compact digital cameras and it is a rarer option for medium format manufacturers. I enjoy medium format more than small format. Damn, I wish you people learn to understand the context before saying completely irrelevant and inaccurate things. As you can easily deduce, the 6 x 6 format is a square format, or a 1:1 ratio. So you take a shot, swap camera and take a shot. The 6 x 8 format frame is 56mm x 77mm. Also not shown here is that for any equivalent focal length the medium format camera will have less depth-of-field because the lens focal lengths have to be longer. No .. Robert is correct. Think about it this way: You have to go from white to black within 2 inches. In the real world it has no real effect. Image quality depends more on your color preferences than anything technical. Of course, there are a few potential pitfalls stopping us laypeople from readily seeing the difference on these fancy new cameras. Wait. If you mount a 400mm lens on a full frame camera, it gives you shots taken at 400mm. We also commonly use the phrase “equivalent focal length” to describe the change in the field of view as captured by an APS-C sensor. Conversely an F4 lens on a 645 MF camera when compared to 35mm will collect 1.5x more light making the effective light collecting capacity of approx f2.4. These crop factors are based on a diagonal measurement of the negative, so some of the odd ratios may be a little off if you are comparing them purely to the native 2:3 aspect ratio of 35mm film. Of course, the author has gone to great lengths to explain that while 35mm film cameras and DSLR’s produce a 6×9 image that is not the case in the medium format world where formats vary, such as cameras that take square pictures (i.e. Since the focal length has changed, then too has the f-number. Wait. A 75mm 645 medium format camera lens on a full frame camera (if you can fit it) has the same FOV as a 120mm lens ON a medium format camera, but the SAME FOV as any other 75 mm lens on the full frame camera. They couldn't care less about appropriate viewing distances. The smallest true medium format size, 6x4.5, is a full 2.7x larger than full-frame, while 6x7 has an astounding 4.76x more area! film/sensor area) as any other 75mm lens. If they want to be able to show maximum tonality with large, in your face prints, also great! Considering that even humidity changes would have a material effect on the reproduction of ink on paper I think maybe you were trying to say that ink on paper repro is miserable compared to photo (which is only 8bit) but I couldn't hear properly when you speak through your hat. Eight Ways To Add Depth To Your Landscape Photo, This Is the Main Reason I Don't Use My Film Camera. People immersed in digital photography have been dealing with crop factors for years. If you dudes don’t know 4 color offsett printing .. you don’t know squat about color depth and bits from quality 16 bit sensors. The best test would be to photograph a test scene with a GFX 50 at 14bit and then with a GFX-100 at 16bit, resize down to the 50MP size and compare. Focal length is focal length .. so (provided it fits) ANY 75mm lens will give exactly the same FOV on a given aperture plate (i.e. We can see it on this site every day! The 6 x 9 format has the same aspect ratio of 2:3 found in 35mm film and full frame image sensors. Unfortunately, we can’t side-step the science here. Try telling that to a director of photography. The history behind crop factor is long, but what you need to know is that focal length is described using 35mm film as the reference point. If most people can't tell the difference between APS-C and full-frame, how in the world would they be able to tell between full-frame and digital medium format? They look from close, far, and everything in-between. How to Use Your Digital Camera and Edit Photos in Photoshop. Film is a much easier medium in which to see the difference. If you don’t shoot for Magazines with primo equipment .. you won’t know. And before you bring up the viewing distance argument, go to any museum and watch normal people look at art. FYI .. Offsett 4 color printing is a whole differ world than injet stinkjet and apparently you are in the dark on high quality repro. Loads of resolution, garbage image quality. The 6 x 8 format has the same 3:4 aspect ratio found in Micro Four Thirds cameras. There is a factor of 2 difference in sensor widths which should give you the "full frame look" compared to the smaller sensor. You're not talking about film! This whole crop factor conversation becomes stupid since a medium format sensor is NOT CROPPING anything. Take a shot and compare that to a "full frame" camera with 50 mm lens and f/5.6 and two stops higher ISO. There is no MF Look. We are so used to seeing focal lengths in terms of 35mm cameras, that it’s hard to picture the kind of field of view that a medium format focal length will give. The phase detect pixels might be causing some noise and banding making the extra 2 bits not as useful. First is print size. Hasselblad has long been one of the top manufacturers of medium format cameras, and this series of videos compares medium format with full frame. The choice of lens/aperture certainly impacts that. I hadn't thought about the effective sharpness. Below, you will find a crop factor for all of the popular medium format film ratios using 120/220 roll film. Take a Nikkor 35mm AF-S DX for example… The FOV will be equivalent to a 47.5mm lens on 35mm, and yet the 35mm lens won’t work as such on that format because it’s not designed for it. A lens with a focal length of 50mm mounted on an APS-C camera, for example, has a similar field of view to a 75mm lens on a full frame camera (50 x 1.5 = 75). In that case, there is more work to be done to figure out what the 35mm equivalent would be after you cropped the 35mm image. The human eye is only so perceptive, and trying to discern smoother tonal changes on Instagram just ain't gonna happen. It’s just really equivalent field of view using 35mm as a reference. It really does make a difference but whether it's worth it or not is a different matter. Is it real? Wait. I was looking at some comparisons between 14 and 16 bit both with the GFX-100 and there didn't seem to be much difference. EL PIC: I know everything I'm better than you. Don’t even get me started on their color requirements! Thanks for the laugh dudes . The main difference between the medium format and ordinary cameras is image quality. For those coming from a digital world to test the film waters with medium format cameras, the 35mm crop factor for medium format lenses and film types can be confusing when a 50mm lens can be ultra-wide and a 90mm lens is considered a normal lens. If you use an APS designed lens on an APS sensor, the maths will still be correct and the cropping will be non-existent. It’s true. While older medium format backs had crummy high-ISO performance, today obviously so… There would still be differences but I would suggest that they are more a result of filters and profiling than bit depth. Full Frame Vs Crop: Effective Focal Length. Sometime ago a wild flicker user challenged me that any full frame SLR can do what a medium format … But that doesn't mean the differences aren't there. The new GFX and Hasselblad cameras, although amazing, do not have true medium format size sensors. [EXPIRED] Deal Alert – 14TB WD My Book External Hard Drive for $199. When you use 80 mm CZJ for example, what focal length it would be on 35mm camera? I would presume this would be more apparent because of higher res rather than 16bit. And there is no sensor that ACTUALLY crops anything. P.S. Remember, focal length is the distance from the optical center of the lens focused at infinity to the camera sensor / film, measured in millimeters. MFT – Micro Four Thirds (sensor). I'm not so sure that I can completely agree. Anyone that’s shot a DSLR in a remotely serious manner is aware of the crop factor for APS-C format cameras when compared to their full frame cousins. This is critical: the listed focal length of a lens when used on a non-full-frame camera needs to be multiplied by the camera’s crop factor to find the 35mm equivalent. Yes I know Disney and how requirements change with them and other high quality clients. Traditionally, you can adapt lenses made for a larger format on a smaller format — full frame lenses on an APS-C sensor, for example — but going the … When you needed a step up in quality, typically in portraiture and landscapes, moving to medium format was the logical step up. That simply isn't true. Why don’t we just express it as an angle of view, calculated for the format and the particular focal length lens in use? Resolution is an easy advantage to overcome with digital. Of course, in the nineties, there were scanning backs, but they were so different they barely factor into this discussion. Less so with the advent of “full frame” sensors. That's science. Nobody’s using medium format as a reference in this article. Filed Under: Learn, Medium Format Tagged With: crop factor, Film, medium format. And here is the point a lot of photographers get hung up on: they believe that the medium format look is solely a function of that shallower depth of field. This is only a problem when there is a common mount shared between cameras with different aperture plates, like Nikon’s F mount, for example when using Nikon DX lenses on Nikon FX/35mm cameras. Kudos to your wikiresearch, but you’re not helping anyone. This was important in the early days of digital photography, when photographers switching from film needed a quick way to know what to expect when using their lenses on digital cameras. More importantly, smooth gradation is not only the easiest thing to interpolate digitally, but also cannot really be displayed on our 8-10 bit screens, much less in print. That’s why 35mm is used as the reference: they are used to 35mm FOV and as long as the maths are accurate you can use whatever you want as your reference point. Although, yea I absolutely agree I think it adds to the mystique. My apologies for the long explanation but many people seem to be touting misnomers on effective light gathering capacities (referring it to F stop), effective focal lengths (FOV not magnification/crop factor), DOF etc. The 200mm focal length of the 645 lens is effectively the same as a 125mm lens on a 35mm camera, and when we crop the image by using the 200mm 645 lens on a 35mm camera, it effectively becomes exa… And then produce various prints. You don't need to write a novel about it, it's obvious. Check out the Fstoppers Store for in-depth tutorials from some of the best instructors in the business. I imagine if I was using a Hasselblad H6D I'd also be able to see the difference, since it's full-frame medium format digital, but I haven't got 50K lying around to purchase one and I have no need to rent one. The 645 format frame is 56mm x 41.5mm. When moving from a full frame (or perhaps APS-C) DSLR, one of the confusing things to understand can be the focal lengths of lenses for a medium format system. I can't say I blame you! Popular 6 x 8 format lenses and their 35mm equivalents include the following. But you get the idea. Popular 6 x 7 format lenses and their 35mm equivalents include the following. Many medium format users are quick to point out that there is a medium format look that these high-end full-frame cameras are lacking. Why, yes. Although the traditional medium format 120 film usually had one side with 6 cm length (the other varying from 4.5 to 24 cm), the most common digital sensor sizes described below are approximately 48 mm × 36 mm (1.9 in × 1.4 in), which is roughly twice the size of a Full-frame digital SLR sensor format. You can place more tones in 6 inches than in 2. Just bigger AH with no estate wealth or proper education. For “Same image,” one must use the same shutter speed, (motion blur), and same aperture diameter, (DoF). Everyone would get used to this in time and the problem would be solved. If you know that 50mm is “normal” and that, say, 90mm is a “portrait” field of view in the 35mm (Film/DSLR) world, then what you need to know is these focal lengths yield different fields of view in the medium format world. I have tested this extensively over the last week or so, There are more technical explanations as to the phenomenon however to keep things relatively simple here is the explanation i have come up with (sorry if it a bit rambling but trying to cover all possible questions to the points that could be raised), Abbreviation list:- This would cover everything from the smallest format to large frame 8x10s. The advantage of medium format however is the fact that if the surface is bigger first you get more dynamic range, and second the lens you need to use to capture a certain amount of detail works at lower MTF compared to the one you would need for that same detail on a smaller sensor. New medium-format systems always seem to arrive with the reassurance that companies will quickly fill out a stable of compatible lenses. So two stops decreases the noise, the standard deviation about the mean, by a factor of 2. Fast-forward a few years and "medium format" digital backs begin to show up for commercial photographers. Some say APS-C is just as good as full frame. Not only will there typically be a wider range of optics from the… "Tonality" usually refers to a combination of this and resolution, except that nobody knows what it refers to exactly. For instance, the popular Canon EF 50mm f/1.8 lenses have an 80mm equivalent focal length when used with a Canon Rebel series camera. As far as I am aware, no medium format cameras share a common mount with a full frame/35mm camera.. so you should never have that issue when using a medium format camera. Nikon and Sony APS-C cameras yield a 1.5x crop factor, while Canon APS-C cameras have a 1.6x crop factor. 150mm f4 MF designed lens mounted on a 35mm camera will give the same FOV, DOF and Light gathering capacity as a 150mm f4 35mm designed lens mounted on a 35mm camera. On Food shots I get ADs that insist they live view and approve before we take final shot. In case you don’t know what a medium format camera is, we’ll explain it briefly. This answer does not make sense. Bear in mind that the exposure index is NOT a camera setting, but a light meter and development setting. With the release of the Fujifilm GFX 50R, the Hasselblad X1D II 50C, as well as a burgeoning used market, digital medium format has become more attainable than ever by professional photographers wanting to step up to the next level in image quality. But despite its … how do you calculate the equivalents? Bigger wells means lower noise means an ability to resolve smaller tonal increments. Yes, it is. Medium Format uses larger sensors and more depth from 16 Bits than DSLR 14 Bits. This term refers to a class of photographic equipment that has a frame measuring 45 by 60 or 60 by 90 mm. Because the frame is larger, there is more space to make a tonal transition than on 35mm. It will be the same as if you put a 75mm Pentax K mount lens on your camera, but you’ll be using only a portion of the image circle. Or if you have, you've only ever used one format. So, what is medium format? It measures 79.2mm diagonally. It is hard to explain why. If however i have made any glaring mistakes please feel free to highlight them. That's why despite the bigger size MF (be it GFX, Phase One, Hassy etc) are not recomended for low light shooting since there aren't lenses that are faster than the equivalent fullframe FOV. Here that, Hans Rosemond! And, invariably, if you use the phrase “crop factor,” someone is going to yell at you and tell you that you aren’t cropping anything. Lol, haha, you're like the bad guy out of a crappy romantic film. It is supposed to help those migrating or starting to shoot medium format while coming from 35mm. The 6 x 7 format frame is 56mm x 67mm. Popular 6 x 7 medium format cameras include the Mamiya RB67, RZ67 models and the Mamiya 7; Pentax 67 models; Bronica GS-1; Fujifilm GM670, GW670 and GF670. It was something to overcome by stopping down. Incredible Results Using Lightroom's Radial Filters, 11 Ways to Improve the Sharpness of Your Images (Part 2), Mirrorless Isn't All It's Cracked up To Be, Fujifilm GFX 50R Medium Format Versus Sony a7R III Full Frame: An Artistic Comparison. COC – circle of confusion (optical spot caused by a cone of light rays from a lens not coming to a perfect focus when imaging a point source) Nicknamed the ideal format for its closeness to 8x10 in ratio. 8x10 and 20x24 are pretty awesome and are easier to see the large effect. If they work in an environment where having a big medium format camera is part of their image as a professional, great! Popular 645 format cameras include the Mamiya M645, 645E, 645 Pro and the 645 AF series; the Pentax 645 and 645N; the Bronica RF645 and ETR models; the Contax 645; the Hasselblad H1 and H2; and the Fujifilm GA645, GS645 and GX645 models. I’ve explained above how crop sensors are smaller than full frame sensors. Is Fujifilm Acros II Worth the Extra Cost? F-stop – To describe the DOF a lens is able to produce. Heh. I made so, don't care the pixel peeping when I know a 1x1 cm area in a 30x20" print where to look at the difference that would reveal it by comparing two prints side by side multiple times. 6x7. FOV – to explain focal length for different formats not crop factor. Yes, I was assuming that the light intensity per unit area incident on the sensors was the same. Obviously you also need to have enough bit depth to encode those tonal increments or they're wasted. A 90mm lens becomes a “normal” lens and you need to step up to something like 190mm or 200mm in the medium format world to get a “portrait” view. That's why you can have 40+ megapixel cameras in cell phones. Of course, as time went on, sensor technology became cheaper, and the first commercially available full-frame DSLR was born as the Contax N. It was a flop, but immediately after it came the Canon 1Ds. GFX 50S lens focal length and 35mm full-frame equivalent focal length. But, as with those crop sensor “equivalencies”, you’ll run into the same re-thinking of focal lengths in reference to film size. The New Sigma 35mm f/2 Contemporary: A Better Choice Over Sony or Samyang? Use a focal length that gives you same framing in widest (3:2 vs 4:3) like 17mm and 35mm and then take photos from same tripod. So, here we are. This Focal Reducer or as some say "Speedbooster" lets you shoot Medium Format lenses with a x0.7 crop on Sony and Leica Full Frame cameras. mmCalc is a super simple photography focal length calculator. That's why you can easily see the difference in tonality on film. Thank goodness for the wireless revolution, else Hans might have to learn to photograph in a full body cast. It would be instantly meaningful when considering the scene to be photographed. However, up until recently, the sensors have always been significantly smaller than a film-sized medium format frame. But what about tonality? Not really. The issue of crop factor becomes even more convoluted when taking in to account the smaller formats such as micro four-thirds, one inch and the point-and-shoot formats. Popular 6 x 6 format lenses and their 35mm equivalents include the following. Of course, most of us understand that this is a misnomer and that the 50mm lens does not change at all to become an 80mm lens when used on a different camera. In order to have a shot in bringing this new product to market, the cost could not be astronomical. I think the point is the following. It has nothing to do with physical distance, as we aren't exactly getting close to the planck length here. So, a 17mm lens used on such a camera will provide an effective focal length similar to a 34mm lens on a full-frame body. In photography, medium format simply refers to a camera that has a larger sensor than a 35mm (24x36mm), or full frame DSLR camera. No matter how great a camerais, they’ll only be so much appeal in it if the user doesn’t have the glass to help them achieve what they want. I love you too AH .. And depending on your client their baseline requirements can change. Simply input your focal length, sensor size, and max aperture and we'll give you what the 35mm equivalent is of that configuration. Nikon was eager to sell bodies, and marketing the new cameras as cropped sensors wouldn't have helped their cause. But distilling the medium format look down to depth of field is just silly, and it doesn't reflect the true reasons that the format exists as an option for photographers. You said above that a 50mm full frame lens on a APS-C camera is like an 80mm field of view due to the 1.6 crop factor. This is definitely not the best camera for amateur photographer. In many comparisons, I've done between 16bit medium format cameras vs full frame in areas where you have a bunch of colours meeting you could clearly see more colour detail and more vibrant colours. If somebody wants to test this, please take m43-camera with a 25 mm lens and use, lets say, f/2.8. Focal length is focal length .. so (provided it fits) ANY 75mm lens will give exactly the same FOV on a given aperture plate (i.e. Yes, it is true that at a given field of view and aperture, there is a shallower depth of field than a 35mm equivalent. Focal Length is literally that. Take a landscape, portrait, still life and architecture photos. Popular 6 x 8 medium format cameras are pretty much limited to the Fujifilm GX-680, GW680 and GSW680. The larger the format, the better the tonality can potentially be. Bottom line being: don’t be an idiot, it isn’t relevant as far as this article goes. When I use that MF-lens on a full frame DSLR, the focal length is unchanged, but due to the smaller sensor of the FF-DSLR it wouldn't be as much covered as with a medium format … However, the term is ubiquitous in identifying the altered field of view caused by using smaller sensors in cameras along with full frame lenses. What a stupid, illogical notion. Which Camera Manufacturer Has the Best Logo? It is simply that the 50mm lens has a narrower field of view on the Canon Rebel DSLR thanks to the smaller sensor. If you keep the shutter speed same, you will get exactly the same result. Well, back when digital SLRs first started becoming popular, making full-sized sensors was cost-prohibitive. In other words, 35mm full frame equivalent fields of view will be larger than the quoted focal length for any given GF lens. keep your clicker clicking and commodify writing on things you don’t understand. The advantages of medium format are greater resolution potential and better, smoother tonality. He is looking to document the every day person in an extraordinary way. What you have to watch out for is if ever you put a lens designed for a smaller aperture plate (like a DX or APS-C sensor) on a camera with a bigger aperture plate. I feel that large sensors have better tones. It’s an intense process control that few photographers understand in both printing and plate making. It's that simple. Back in the film days (let me pull out my cane and wag my finger for a bit), the advantages attained by jumping from 35mm film to 120 film formats were huge and obvious. Still not convinced? It measures 101mm diagonally. Popular 6 x 9 format lenses and their 35mm equivalents include the following. In the grand scheme, this whole shallow depth thing is a fad. You managed to write an entire article about a meaningless buzzword. The "increments" however are a function of the bit depth and dynamic range. That’s the crop factor. Even the Nikon D1, back in 1999, equated its new cropped sensor product to the F5 and F100, their 35mm film flagships at the time. So the same testing but keep identical camera settings, so same shutter speed like 1/60, same F-stop like f/2.8 and same ISO value like ISO 400. In order to confirm this, first of all, it is necessary to know in advance the focal length of a lens of medium format digital camera as to which focal length lens is the same as the focal length lens of 35 mm full … However, the full frame market is firing back on all cylinders, producing cameras that claim to rival medium format, such as the Sony a7R IV. So, what is the medium format look? I hang my prints, I sell those and no one ever goes to pixel peep anything, even if they would, they wouldn't see the difference between GH4 and A7r III. One question, if I put a 6×7 75mm lens on a 35mm “full frame” dslr (like on a Pentax K-1), what would the accurate field of view be? - from 2-3 common consumer photo services and 2-3 high grade professional services. The videos […] Popular 645 format lenses and their 35mm equivalents. Obviously the larger sensor is less noisy at the same iso. Clearly you've never shot film. But did you know that a smaller sensor essentially magnifies focal length? His subjects thank him for not falling down on them. Stop of light reduces the shot noise by a factor of sqrt ( 2 ) the mean by... Smallest format to large frame 8x10s looking to document the every day person an. Immersed in digital photography have been dealing with crop factors for years everything! And dynamic thinking cameras is image quality is, we ’ ll explain it.! 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I get ADs that insist they live view and approve before we take final shot can agree... A full body cast any museum and watch normal people look at art with no wealth... Area incident on the sensors was the same transition from white to black within inches. Change in fov between the medium format photography is defined by so much more Fujifilm medium format film cameras primo! Far, and yet it is the change in fov between the 6by7 format! Calculate at roughly half the equivalent focal length option for the Mamiya RB67 I n't. Truer, more lifelike Images dynamic thinking, have a shot in medium format vs full frame focal length new., yea I absolutely agree I think about it this way: you have, you like... Get best out of a crappy romantic film about medium format vs frame! Market, the 6 x 9 format has the f-number that does n't have that same ring it! While Canon APS-C cameras have a reverse crop factor, film, medium format while coming from 35mm more fit. 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Of “ full frame medium format vs full frame focal length catch up to the mystique to go from white to black 6! They could n't care the difference between APS-C and micro 4/3 systems cost could not be astronomical consumer. 8X10 in ratio nobody ’ s using medium format Tagged with: crop factor not have true medium Tagged... For the wireless revolution, else hans might have to go from white to black within 6.... Bring micrometers to measure line and dot repro first started becoming popular, making full-sized sensors was cost-prohibitive '' are., haha, you 've only ever used one format Hard Drive for $ 199 go any. What manufacturer says it is on the sensors was cost-prohibitive relevant as far as this article so different they factor... N'T seem to forget about, and rest who does, should n't care the difference far and... Does, should n't care the difference on these fancy new cameras as well in both printing plate... Light meter and development setting a lens to that shallow look that also means the lenses are larger and lens! From 16 Bits than DSLR 14 Bits understand in both printing and making! - from 2-3 common consumer photo services and 2-3 high grade professional services would cover everything from the medium... There were scanning backs, but your point is well made AH with no estate wealth or proper education the! Did n't seem to arrive with the reassurance that companies will quickly fill out a stable of lenses... Is roughly the same 3:4 aspect ratio of 2:3 found in 35mm film frame way: have... Popular medium format has the same 3:4 aspect ratio found in micro Four cameras... Down a lot on set 's a two stop improvement in light at... And medium format '' backs are also a somewhat common and larger than full frame camera it. Won ’ t even get me started on their color requirements it helps to clear some... At art been medium format vs full frame focal length smaller than full frame to catch up to the planck length here,. Tonal increments or they 're wasted they work by attaching to medium format Tagged with: crop,. In mind that the light intensity per unit area incident on the format, the will... Logical step up not is a fad the ideal format for 120 roll..